«Бог» Докинза. От «Эгоистичного гена» к «Богу как иллюзии» - Алистер Э. Макграт

69

Cornell J. F. Newton of the Grassblade? Darwin and the Problem of Organic Teleology // Isis. Vol. 77. 1986. P. 405–421.

70

См.: Grafen A. Fisher the Evolutionary Biologist // The Statistician. Vol. 52. 2003. P. 319–329; Edwards A. W. F. Mathematizing Darwin // Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Vol. 65, no. 3. 2011. P. 421–430. Графен называет Фишера «математиком Дарвина».

71

Edwards A. W. F. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection // Genetics. Vol. 154. 2000. P. 1419–1426.

72

См.: Dahm R. Friedrich Miescher and the Discovery of DNA // Developmental Biology. Vol. 278, no. 2. 2005. P. 274–288.

73

Для оценки значения работы Левена см.: Simoni R. D., Hill R. L., Vaughan M. The Structure of Nucleic Acids and Many Other Natural Products: Phoebus Aaron Levene // Journal of Biological Chemistry. Vol. 277, no. 22. 2002. P. 23–24.

74

Avery O., MacLeod C., McCarty M. Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: Induction of Transformation by a Desoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction Isolated from Pneumococcus Type III // Journal of Experimental Medicine. Vol. 79. 1944. P. 137–158.

75

Crick F. H. C., Watson J. D. Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid // Nature. Vol. 171. 1953. P. 737–738.

76

Ibid. P. 738. 56 | 57 Дарвинизм Примечания

77

Описание механизма работы ДНК см: Calladine C. R. Understanding DNA the Molecule and How It Works. 3rd edn. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic, 2004.

78

Подробнее см.: Griffiths A. J. F. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 7th edn. New York: Freeman, 2000; Idem. Modern Genetic Analysis: Integrating Genes and Genomes. 2nd edn. New York: Freeman, 2002.

79

См.: Taub L. Ptolemy’s Universe: The Natural Philosophical and Ethical Foundations of Ptolemy’s Astronomy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

80

См.: Simonyi K. A Cultural History of Physics. London: Peters. P. 181–185.

81

См.: Murray C. D., Dermott S. F. Solar System Dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. P. 3–4. Подрбнее см.: Stephenson B. The Music of the Heavens: Kepler’s Harmonic Astronomy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994.

82

См.: Bowler P. J. Evolution: The History of an Idea. 3rd edn. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2003.

83

Gayon J. From Darwin to Today in Evolutionary Biology // The Cambridge Companion to Darwin / Ed. by J. Hodge, G. Radick. P. 240–264. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. P. 241.

84

См.: Scott E., Branch G. Don’t Call It Darwinism // Evolution: Education and Outreach. Vol. 2. 2009. P. 90–94.

85

Judson O. Let’s Get Rid of Darwinism // New York Times, July 15, 2008.

86

См.: Depew D., Weber B. Darwinism Evolving: Systems Dynamics and the Genealogy of Natural Selection. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995; Keller E. F. Making Sense of Life: Explaining Biological Development with Models, Metaphors, and Machines. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002; Shanahan T. The Evolution of Darwinism: Selection, Adaptation, and Progress in Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. P. 11–36.

87

См.: Challis G. L., Hopwood D. A. Synergy and Contingency as Driving Forces for the Evolution of Multiple Secondary Metabolite Production by Streptomyces Species // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Vol. 100. 2003. P. 14555– 14561.

88

См.: Everson T. The Gene: A Historical Perspective. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007. Подробнее см.: Frank S. A. The Price Equation, Fisher’s Fundamental Theorem, Kin Selection, and Causal Analysis // Evolution. 51. 1997. P. 1712–1729. Следует также отметить важность теории информации: Wicken J. S. Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Information: Extending the Darwinian Paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987; Hubert P. Yockey, Information Theory, Evolution, and the Origin of Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005; Frank S. A. Natural Selection Maximizes Fisher Information // Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Vol. 22. 2009. P. 231–244.

89

См., например: Corsi P. Evolution before Darwin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

90

Об этом см.: Corsi P. Before Darwin: Transformist Concepts in European Natural History // Journal of the History of Biology. Vol. 38. 2005. P. 67–83.

91

Работа, оказавшая серьезное влияние на формирование словаря в этой области: Huxley J. S. Evolution: The Modern Synthesis. London: Allen and Unwin, 1942.

92

Например, см.: Kutschera U., Niklas K. J. The Modern Theory of Biological Evolution: An Expanded Synthesis // Naturwissenschaften. Vol. 91. 2004. P. 255–276; Pigliucci M. Do We Need an Extended Evolutionary Synthesis? // Evolution. Vol. 61. 2007. P. 2743–2749; Carroll S. B. EvoDevo and an Expanding Evolutionary Synthesis: A Genetic Theory of Morphological Evolution // Cell. Vol. 134. 2008. P. 25–36.

93

См. комментарий: Hull D. L. Darwinism as a Historical Entity: A Historiographic Proposal // The Darwinian Heritage / Ed. by D. Kohn. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985. P. 773–812.

94

Sydow M., von. From Darwinian Metaphysics towards Understanding the Evolution of Evolutionary Mechanisms. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2012. P. 102–103.

95

По вопросу о возможности унификации терминологии эволюционной теории см.: Smocovitis V. B. Unifying Biology: The Evolutionary Synthesis and Evolutionary Biology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. P. 97–188.

96

Например, см.: Fodor J. A.,