Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка - В. Каушанская

THE ADVERB

Exercise 1. State the morphological composition of the following adverbs

Where, abroad, too, tenfold, nowadays, inside, quickly, underneath, once, homeward, seldom, nowhere, heartily, afoot, headlong, twice, beyond, then, eastward, otherwise, upstairs, rarely, late, outside, ahead, forever, so, beneath, forward, fast, scarcely,' inquiringly, sometimes, good-naturedly.

Exercise 2. Point out the adverbs and define the group each belongs to.

I. She talked to them naturally, sang a little song to them... And gave them their Sunday toys. (Buck)2. He [Jolyon] was free to go off with his easel where and when he liked. (Galsworthy) 3. The man must have had diabolically acute hearing. (Wells) 4. Patients insist on having microbes nowadays. (Shaw)5. As soon as Annette found herself outside, she began to run. (Murdoch)6. I never felt better in my life. (Saroyan)7. I think sometimes there is nothing before me but hard work... (Galsworthy)8. It was as if his soul had been cramped and his eyes bandaged from the hour of his birth. Why had he lived such a life? Why had he submitted to things, blundered into things? (Wells)9. Yes, George had lived too fast, or he would not have been dying twenty years before his time — too fasti (Galsworthy)10. She consulted her husband at once. (Galsworthy)11. Fleur having declared that it was "simply too wonderful to stay indoors," they all went out. (Galsworthy) 12. And she lived at Mapledurham a jolly name, too, on the river somewhere. (Galsworthy)13. A week later I am visited by a very stylishly dressed young woman. (Saroyan)14. They had been dancing together. (Dreiser)15. He (SoarnesJ remembered her birthday well — he had always observed it religiously. (Galsworthy)16. The driver, was ordered to take the car to the pool, and Jates and Karen went afoot. (Heym)17. The only thing is to cut the knot for good. (Galsworthy)18. Why, you've hardly started, it isn't fair to bother you. (Cronin)19. Twice I doubled round corners, thrice I crossed the road and came back on my tracks. (Wells)20. They went eyeing each other askance.. (Galsworthy)21. He took a few steps towards her and looked less at her than at the open doorway behind her... (Greene)22. In another moment Adyl was leading the way downstairs. (Wells)23. Soames looked at her hard (Galsworthy)24. The boy was due to go to-morrow. (Galsworthy)25. She seems to be simple enough. (This is America)26. It [the cry] came from the terrace below. (Galsworthy)27. They are quiet at- present. (Galsworthy)28. I must get the money somehow. (Shaw)29. He [Soames] had never had a love of music. (Galsworthy)30. He spoke little and listened much. (Horgan)

Exercise 3. Use the comparative or superlative degree of the adverbs.

1. Then the bus... began to run, __ still, through a long avenue, (fast) (Faulkner)2....moreover, he was __ educated than the others, (well) (Buck)3. She was the one who was being hurt __. (deeply) (Wilson)4. He contrived to get a glimpse of Montanelli once or __ in every week, if only for a few minutes. (often) (Voynich)5. Driving __ now, she arrived between four and five, (slowly) (Galsworthy)6. However, I must bear my cross as __ I may. (well) (Shaw) 7. Then he dismissed the thought as unworthy and impossible, and yielded himself __ to the music. (freely) (London)8. He followed her mental process __ now, and her soul was no __ the sealed wonder it had been, (clearly; long) (London)9. Felix's eyebrows rose __ than ever, (high) (James) 10. It was a comfort to Margaret about this time, to find that her mother drew __ and __ towards her than she had ever done since the days of her childhood, (tenderly; intimately) (Gaskell)

MODAL WORDS

Exercise I. Point out all the modal words and define their meaning.

1. Over the ridge she would find him. Surely she would find him. (Wells)2. He had stopped their mouths, maybe, but at what a cost. (Galsworthy)3. She s just engaged to him. Of course she is frightfully excited about it, and naturally he wants her to come away and marry. [Wells) 4. Winifred could barely get a word out of him, he ate nothing, but he certainly took his liquor and his face kept getting whiter. (Galsworthy)5. She was probably dissatisfied just as he was. (Dreiser)6. Knowledge of something kept from her made him, no doubt, unduly sensitive. (Galsworthy)7. The Buccaneer, watching him go so sadly, felt sorry perhaps for his behaviour to the old man. (Galsworthy)8. Thorp was actually too sick to see anybody. (Heym)9. "Allow me, Sir, the honour of grasping your hand — permit me, Sir, to shake it," said the grave man. "Certainly," said Mr. Pickwick. (Dickens)10. My dear Ma'am, you deserve a very excellent husband—you do indeed. (Dickens)11. Bertine and I are just on our way home, truly. (Dreiser)12. He saw Fleur, standing near the door, holding a handkerchief which the boy had evidently just handed to her.. (Galsworthy)

THE INTERJECTION

Exercise 1. Point out all the interjections and say whether they are emotional or imperative.

1. "The Boers are a hard nut to crack, uncle James." "H'm!" muttered James. "Where do you get your information? Nobody tells." (Galsworthy)2. "Oh! My eyel" he said looking very lowspirited, "I am sorry for that." (Galsworthy)3. "Good Lord!" said Fleur. "Am I only twenty-one? I feel forty-eight." (Galsworthy)4. "Good Heavensl" cried my mother, "you'll drive me mad!" (Dickens)5. Heavens! How dull you arel (Sheridan) 6. "Oh, Karen," he said, "it's good to have you around!" (Heym)7. Alas! The white house was empty and there was a bill in the window. (Dickens)8. A man jumped on top of the barricade and, waving exuberantly, shouted. "Americains! Hurrah." (Heym)9. Hallo, Michael! I'm rather late; been to the club and walked home. (Galsworthy)10. Ah! you are both of you good-natured. (Sheridan) 11. "Hark!" cried the Dodger at this moment, "I heard the tinkler," catching up the light, he crept softly upstairs. (Dickens)12. "Who is that?" she cried. "Hush, hush!" said one of the women, stooping over her... (Dickens)13. Well, I don't like those mysterious little pleasure trips that he is so fond of taking. (Voynich)14. Now, Maria, here is a character to your taste... (Sheridan) 15. Here! I've had enough of this. I'm going. (Shaw)

THE PREPOSITION

Exercise 1. State the morphological composition of the following prepositions:

In, below, with regard to, during, concerning, till, in front of, without, behind, under, in view of, outside, off, into, until, across, according to, with, along, up, inside, out of, owing to, at, regarding.

Exercise 2. Insert prepositions and define their meaning where possible.

1. The life __ the Dutch settlement now began to be built into the life __ the American nation. This these people did consciously and __ their own will, although there were — the older ones some who longed, as did even Mijnheer Stulting __ times, __ the comfort and security __ his old home. It had been a sad blow __ him when the pastor died __ the early years and lie was never again satisfied altogether __ any who tried to take his place. (Buck)2. Bitterly tired, he lay down __ the sofa __ his fur coat and fell asleep. (Galsworthy)3. __ the appointed time __ the evening Mr. Micawber reappeared. (Dickens)4. They were __ earnest conversation. __ time __ time they would halt and one __ them would, it seemed, explain something __ the other, who __ turn would nod his head sagely. (Clark)5. There was only one other event __ this hall-year,... that made an impression __ me which still survives. (Dickens)6. He reached his house __ midnight. (Galsworthy)7. He looked __ his watch. __ half an hour the doctor would be back. (Galsworthy) 8. Bing went __ the soldier, who had the serious face __ a child thrown __ the world too soon. (Heym)9. He stared __ her __ amazement. He had forgotten that she was ignorant __ his story and __ his flight __ Carlion. (Greene)10. __ these studies the excellent Mrs. O'Dowd was __ great assistance __ him. (Thackeray)11. A child __ 1901, he had come __ consciousness when his country, just over that bad attack __ scarlet fever, was preparing __ the Liberal revival __ 1906. (Galsworthy)12. Mrs. Reed's hands still lay __ her work inactive, her eyes __ ice continued to dwell freezingly __ mine. (Ch. Bronte)13. When __ the first week __ December he decided to go __ Paris, he was far __ admitting that Irene's presence was influencing him. (Galsworthy)14. Stroeve was, of course, delighted __ her. He could not do enough to show his gratitude __ the whole hearted devotion __ which she had accepted the burden he laid __ her. (Maugham)15. Just before Christmas, Reggie Burnside passed __ London __ his way __ Murren. He dropped __ Elizabeth's studio ir _ tea. (Aldington)16. One autumn morning I was __ my mother __ the front garden, when Mr. Murdstone, I knew him __ that name now, came by __ horseback. (Dickens) 17. He was proud __ this enlistment; proud __ his boy forgoing off to fight __ the country. (Galsworthy)18. An accidental circumstance cemented the intimacy __ Steerforth and me, __ a manner that inspired me __ great pride and satisfaction though it sometimes led __ inconvenience. (Dickens)

Exercise 3. Insert by or with.

1. The Germans, he had been assured __ everybody, were on the run, and it was unlikely that they would stop running so soon... (Heym)2. He was busy making entries __ a lead pencil in a book which lay open before him. (Dreiser)3. Both men were loaded down __ field equipment and the bottles contributed __ the grateful people of Paris. (Heym)4. They dined in the small restaurant, which had been "decorated" __ rather feeble pictures __ young artists. (Aldington)5. But the nearer he came to the center of the town, the more difficult it was to walk; the road was strewn __ stones and bricks and rubble. (Heym)6. I remember being met at the Zoo station __ one of their scholars. (Snow) 7. He sat down vigorously and lighted a cigarette __ trembling hands. (Murdoch)8. The streets, crowded __ people, still reminded Yates of the first days in Paris, the honeymoon of liberation. (Heym)9. She had been appointed __ one of Rainborough's predecessors. (Murdoch)10. The hills around Rollingen, usually illuminated __ the fires in the blast furnaces, were crowded __ the lightning of far-off guns. (Heym)

THE CONJUNCTION

Exercise 1. State the morphological composition oi the following conjunctions:

For, as well as, unless, now that, and, neither... nor, while, although, not only... but also, provided, as though, supposing, no sooner... than, or, so that, if, both... and, as long as, so, either... or, as... as, when, until, before, after, as if, as soon as, lest, for fear that, notwithstanding, nor.

Exercise 2. Point out all the coordinating conjunctions and define the group each belongs to.

1. The stranger had not gone far, so he made after him to ask the name. (Dickens)2. Be quick, or it may be too late. (Dickens)3....real accuracy and purity she neither possessed, nor in any number of years would acquire. (Ch. Bronte)4....Mrs. Septimus Small let fall no word, neither did she question June about him. (Galsworthy)5. The river was not high, so there was not more than a two or three mile current. (Twain)6. It seemed to him that he could contrive to secure for her the full benefit of both his life insurance and his fire insurance... (Wells) 7. Karl is solid and extremely certain of himself, while Joseph on the other hand, though no less certain of himself, is a good deal less solid. (Saroyan)8. He could see no one, and he began to believe that either his instinct had deceived him, or else that the shadowing was over. (Greene)9. But for a long time we did not see any lights, nor did we see the shore, but rowed steadily in the dark riding with the waves. (Hemingway)

Exercise 3. Point out all the subordinating conjunctions and say what kind of subordinate clauses they introduce.

1. She stood quite silent while Butler appealed to her. (Dreiser) 2. Since Miss Wilfer rejected me, I have never again urged my suit. (Dickens)3. Whenever I looked at Susan she gave me a frank full-hearted smile. (Braine) 4. So the tiny woman closed the shutter of the cottage window and fastened the door, and trembling from head to root for fear that any one should suspect her, opened a very secret place, and showed the Princess a shadow. (Dickens)5. And yet tired though he was after his three long days, Soames dreaded the moment when the car should stop. (Galsworthy)6. I extinguished my taper, locked my bureau, and left her, since she would not leave me. (Ch. Bronte)7. Once they reached the open country the car leapt forward like a mad thing. (Murdoch)8. He was a tall fellow with a very wide mouth and prematurely bald in front, so that he appeared to have a colossal forehead. (Priestley) 9. The reference was as plain as it was unexpected. (Clark)10. Early as he was, another man was there before him. (Dreiser)11. We're as we're made. (Maugham)12. They were all smiling wid'ely at me as I came toward them. (/. Shaw)13. He was a fattish, worried, untidy man, always looking as if he had slept in the expensive clothes he wore. (Priestley) 14. Mr. Pancks has come down into the Yard to-night, on purpose that you should hear him. (Dickens)15. The most I can say now is that it is very cold in San Francisco, and I am freezing. (Saroyan)16. Give me your promise that this shall be done. (Priestley) 17. In that small room he seemed even bigger than I remembered him. (Maugham)18. Whatever I intend to do I'll do without advice from the outside. (Dreiser)19. Breakfast was not yet over before the men came to put up the marquee. (Mansfield)20. He prized the pencil, because it had been a gift from his mother. (Warren)21. As soon as he had gone, I looked at the clock. (Snow)22. After a sleepless night, he [Cowperwood] wrote his resignation to the chairman of the board of directors, in order that he should be prepared to hand it to him at once. (Dreiser)